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| There are 31 entries in the glossary. |
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| ICF (Internet Connection Firewall) is a form of computer protection that is a feature of Windows XP. When ICF is enabled it will log in Windows of each request that is incoming from other systems that are also on the Internet. If a user has requested something it will not be affected as it is only unsolicited requests that are blocked. As ICF will only limit incoming traffic it means that any data that is sent from your computer can still be infected by a virus. Multiple computers should have ICF enabled through the router. |
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| An Icon is a symbol or picture that is used to represent a program or an object which is on your computer. Files that are on your desktop are examples of icons as the recycle bin on Windows and the Trash can on Macintosh. |
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| ICS (Internet Connection Sharing) is a way of allowing multiple computers to access the Internet through the same IP address and Internet connection. The usual way of doing this is to use a router connected to a modem which then is connected to all the computers. |
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| IDE (Integrated Electronics Device) is the most popular hard drive interface around, the electronics controller is integrated into the drive and it will support a hard drive with 50GB of data. |
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| IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers) is an organisation that is non-profit that reviews all aspects of computer science and electronics standards. The standards that are developed by the IEEE usually become International standards even though the organisation is American. One example of a popular device that has been standardised by the IEEE is the IEEE 1394 interface or Firewire. |
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| An Illegal Operation is a message that will be flashed up on your computer when there has been an error in a program you are trying to run. The most likely cause of these is bug in the program you are using. |
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| IM (Instant Messaging) is a method of communication via the internet whereby users are in private chat rooms and can see which of their list of buddies is online at any time and invite them to chat. You can have more than one chat room open at any one time and have as many conversations as you like. |
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| An Image Map is used in HTML and relates to the co-ordinates of a specific image. They are created in order to hyperlink various areas of the image to certain destinations image maps are used to link parts of an image together without having to separate the image. |
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| IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) is used to access e-mails on a server, this cuts out the need to download them onto your local hard drive. This is different to POP3 which is another very popular protocol for e-mail which requires anyone wanting to read their e-mails to download them onto their own hard drive first. Using an IMAP mail server means that the user can access and read their e-mails on any computer they like as the e-mails will remain on the sever until they are downloaded. Mac OS X Mail and Microsoft Outlook will let you decide the type of protocol your mail server will use but it is important to choose the right one otherwise you will not be able to send or receive e-mails. |
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| An Impression is counted each time a visitor looks at a Web page. One user can create many impressions on one web site as they could view a page many times over. A unique impression however is only created the first time they look at the page. |
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| Infotainment is a mixture of two words information and entertainment and it is used to describe something that is entertaining but informative. Channels like the Discovery channel would be classed as infotainment channels. |
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| Inkjet is possibly the most popular kind of consumer printer. Inkjet printers work by spraying droplets of ionised ink (which is sprayed through a magnetic plate) onto the paper. Inkjet printers are continually improving, although they are still not as high quality as laserjet printers. |
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| Install is the term used when you put any new software onto your computer, it will be installed on the computers hard drive. You can either install a new program from a CD or you can go online and download new software or new versions of software. |
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| An Installer is used whenever you want to put new software onto your computer. It works by putting the compressed the data contained in the software and writing it to your computers hard drive. Compression is used as it cuts down on the space taken up on the hard drive. Installers are also used to update existing software and they are used by double clicking on the correct icon. As soon as the installer is finished the new software is ready to run. |
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| Integrated Circuits are small chips that can be used in many different ways from an oscillator to even computer memory. They are made up of silicon and contain up to millions of capacitors, resistors and transistors. Digital IC's work by using logic gates which will work with 0s and 1s - a low signal will result in a 0 and a high signal will be a 1. Digital IC's are used in most electronic consumables. Analog IC's work by using continuous values only, they can take an input of any variety and output a different value. Analog IC's are normally used in radio frequency amplification. |
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| Video is often compressed by interlacing it, this is done by only showing every other horizontal line of the image being displayed. As this is done very quickly it appears, to the human eye, to be smooth and seamless. Sending images that are interlaced means that only half the bandwidth is needed and this is the basis of PAL and NTSC formats. The only drawback with interlaced images is that fast pictures may become blurred, HDTV and DVD on the other hand draw each line individually which means the image is clearer. |
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| The Internet was developed during the Cold War as a method of communicating via a network. Today it is one of the most popular ways of sharing information and it stretches across the world. Data that will travel over large distances will go along massive lines which are known as the Internet backbone. Millions of computers and networks make up the rest of the Internet and the large providers such as ANS and UUNET strive to make sure that connections are constantly working and running fast to keep up with the demand for them. |
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| InterNIC (Internet Network Information Centre) is an organisation who's aim is providing domain name registration and Internet information services. It was originally developed by the National Science Foundation and is now run by ICANN. |
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| Intranet is an internal form of the Internet, many businesses have their own Intranet that contains information relating to the business and only those within the organisation have access to it. |
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| IO (Input / Output) is a term for the belief that everything in computer terms has input and output. For example typing a document using a keyboard would be the input and the output would be the text appearing on the screen. The I/O is handled by the computers CPU as this will route the data along the correct path. |
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| IP (Internet Protocol) is a term used for the set of standards which govern the sending and receiving of data using the Internet. |
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| IP Address is a term that is used very much like a telephone number, except it only refers to machines (usually computers) when they are using the Internet to transfer data. Internet protocol is used in these transfers and the IP addresses are used in order to make sure that data is received and sent to the correct machine. |
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| IPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange) is a kind of networking protocol that is connectionless, in other words a connection does not have to be maintained. It is based on Novells NetWare and is used to connect networks. As it is connectionless if a connection is broken it will just carry on from when the connection was broken. Another advantage of this is that it will only be in use when you connect to a network so system resources are not taken up needlessly. |
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| IRC (Internet Relay Chat) is a method of online communication that takes place in real time over the Internet. In order to use it you have to be on the same IRC server and connect to the same channel. Chat rooms use this method to allow users to chat to each other. |
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| IRQ (Interrupt Request) is a term used to describe the managing of various hardware operations on one processor. When a program is run it will send an interrupt request to the processor that lets the program join the list of requests running. |
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| ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) is a kind of bus used to add extra expansion cards to PCs. They are used to add extra cards such as a video card and they come in two versions, an 8 bit that will support 8 and 33 Mhz clock speeds (which is a 62 pin connection) and the 16 bit which has 98 pin connections and can also support the same speeds. |
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| ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) is a method of transferring data that is much faster than using a dial up modem. As ISDN uses a large bandwidth transmission that is digital it is capable of sending a lot of data at any one time. Normally an ISDN connection can support speeds of up to 128K ps, and the newer versions are getting faster all the time. |
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| ISO (International Organisation for Standardisation) is an organisation that works in conjunction with standards institutes in over 150 countries world wide and helps set the standards for products and technologies. This work involves making the production of products safer and efficient but also makes products much more standardised for consumers. |
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| ISP (Internet Service Provider) is a term used for the organisation or business that provides the Internet and it's related services to a consumer. These companies are usually telecommunications companies and they will provide things such as domain name hosting, dial up and broadband access and all other Internet services for a fee. |
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| IT (Information Technology) is the term used for anything under the umbrella of computer technology or the people who work with these technologies. As you can imagine it is a broad spectrum, covering things from hardware and software to Web development and programming. |
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| IVR (Interactive Voice Response) is a technology that is telephony based and can recognise a combination of voice commands and touch tone. This gives the user the ability to access databases over the phone. Usually there will be a menu of options for you to choose from that are prerecorded and these can range from the very basic, to more complex instructions such as the caller having to tell the service their account number and other details. The IVR system can then recognise this input and react accordingly. |
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